Calm waters pre-dawn on Lake Alexandrina

Previous Trip Analysis

A look at the flow required in key locations

Those that fail to learn from history, are doomed to repeat it.

Winston Churchill

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While flow affects the experience that you will have doing the lower section, it generally is high enough to paddle anytime of the year. The upper section can be more problematic. So this is a digest of the experiences that I could found on the three distinct areas this area has to provide real world experiences of what you should expect to find.

Above Tom Groggin

All river flow data was obtained from historical records of Biggara. All trips described experienced a decreasing flow rate during their journey down the system.

During my journey from 21 Dec to 24 Dec 2019, the water level at Biggara ranged from 0.23 m to 0.26 m, and the flow was 161 to 201 ML/day. This was barely enough water, and I had to drag my kayak for nearly 50% of the trip. My journey had the lowest water levels by far of all the trip reports found, with flows in the lowest 2% recorded since 1968, and the lowest December flows except for 2006 during the Millennium drought. 🙁

Although uncertain about the exact dates, Xavier Anderson and Jason MacQueen seem to have completed the Poplars to Tom Groggin trip in mid-Nov 2019, with a water level of 0.5 m and a flow of around 650 ML/day. No mention was made of any issues due to low flows.

Mike Bremer, et al, completed their journey in just two days (14 & 15 Dec 2017) with four times the flow. The water level ranged from 0.62 m to 0.64 m, and the flow was 908 to 967 ML/day. No mention was made of the need to drag their inflatable kayaks, except over occasional boulders.

Rod Wellington, on his trip from 6 to 12 Jan 2008, passed Tom Groggin, but his blog suggests a harder time than I had. The water level at Biggara ranged from 0.34 m to 0.42 m, and the flow was 269 to 367 ML/day. Although he had a higher flow, it was likely the heavier kayak and load that resulted in significant amounts of dragging.

James Castrission, et al, completed their journey from 10 to 15 Nov 2001, facing high flows and frigid temperatures as they pack-surfed (no floatation device) their way down. The water level ranged from 0.94 m to 1.18 m, and the flow was 1,674 to 2,890 ML/day. This was one of the highest recorded flows, and they encountered what they considered to be Grade III rapids.

Kevin Moody, et al, completed their trip from 26 to 29 Jan 1988, using lilos. The water level ranged from 0.37 m to 0.45 m, and the flow was 229 to 349 ML/day. Even with the higher flow of 349 ML/day, they reported the need to drag their lilos regularly, especially above Tin Mine Ck and in the final sections before Tom Groggin.

PercentileFlow (MLD)Height (m)Known Trips
Min370.12
1 1070.20
5 1830.29Alan Davison, 2019
102420.35
25 3940.46Kevin Moody, et al 1988; Rod Wellington, 2008
507520.63Xavier Anderson and Jason MacQueen, 2019
75 1,5530.87Mike Bremer, et al, 2017
902,7611.15James Castrission, et al, 2001
95 3,7861.33
996,6011.74
Max22,5233.32
Rough Height Guidelines
Mostly unpaddlable under 0.3 m, especially the first half that has only a third of the flow compared to below Leather Barrel Ck.
Some difficulty paddling with multiple groundings / snags on shallow boulders. Some dragging on a few rapids.
Mostly enjoyable paddle in mostly small Grade I rapids, with a couple of fun Grade II / III (?) rapids & drops around Leather Barrel Ck.
(?) Minor flood. Likely manageable, but take particular care with the log jams that could act as strainers.
(?) Major flood. Likely to be extremely dangerous with the amount of logs in this creek.

These guidelines are based only on a small handful of known trips and should be used only as a reference. No high flow trips were found.

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Murray River Gorge

According to waterwaysguide.org.au, a level of 0.8 m is listed as the minimum, and 1.0 m is considered a good level for kayaking or rafting in the Murray Gorge, with a Grade III/IV grading (referring to a whitewater guide for the difficulty of the individual rapids).

The archived Paddle Australia guide recommends a wider range of 0.80 - 1.80 m, with an additional note to add 0.35 m to the Bigarra readings to estimate the Murray Gorge level.

Previous trip reports mostly fell in the 0.4 m to 0.8 m range at Bigarra, but without indication of the grade of difficulty. Ro and Josh noted low flows at 0.4 m and 355 ML/day in their report.

It's worth noting that even for me with no prior experience in rafting or whitewater activities, a water level of 0.2 m did not present a high level of difficulty although I had to portage most of the main drops due to a lack of water.

Rough Height Guidelines
Likely unpaddlable under 0.15 m
Paddlable with a low flow with a lower grade. As the flow increases, so does the difficulty. Expect to portage and drag more frequently when flows are low.
0.45 - 1.50 m for Grade III/IV whitewater
(?) Minor / moderate flood - check with local guiding companies
(?) Major flood

These guidelines are based only on a small handful of known trips and should be used only as a reference. No high flow trips were found.

PercentileFlow (MLD)Height (m)Known Trips
Min370.18
1 1070.20Alan Davison, 2019
5 1830.29
102420.35
25 3940.46Rowen Privett and Josh Smith, 2005; Rod Wellington, 2008; Xavier Anderson and Jason MacQueen, 2019
507520.63
75 1,5530.87Mike Bremer, et al, 2017
902,7611.15
95 3,7861.33
996,6011.74
Max22,5233.32

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Bringenbrong Bridge to Hume Dam

I found less-detailed records of this leg, even though it is a more commonly done section compared to the upper Murray.

The first recorded issues with low flow were from Sarah Davis, who started at about the same time as me, but she skipped the upper sections while I was foolishly dragging my kayak down from the Poplars. The dates seem to be from December 24 to December 29, 2019, so this would have had a height of 0.83 to 0.88 m and 570 to 774 ML/day, flows in the lowest 1% recorded. Digging deeper, Mike Bremer reported some low sections between the Bringenbrong Bridge and Towong back on April 23, 2004, with a height of 1.1 m and 1,440 ML/day.

Even with limited river data records from October 1983, it really shows me how bad the 2019/20 season was with the drought.

La Niña in 2020/21 definitely resulted in better flows in the spring, but when I started in the summer, the water was fairly low but easily manageable at 1,168 ML/day (1.01 m) to Towong with an empty kayak, and the increased flow overnight to 1,900 ML/day (1.17 m) made the rest of the trip down fairly easy. However, I paddled this section with two less experienced kayakers, and they both grounded a few times after picking the wrong lines. So, expect some scrapes on your boat and maybe the odd bounce of a rock here and there when under 2,500 ML/day (1.3 m).

I day-tripped the upper section at 2.4 m (11,000 ML/day) from Bringenbrong Bridge to Tintaldra in 2022. The river was high and wide but just below minor flood level. This made for relatively easy paddling as long as you stayed in the main laminar flow, but it had a lot of speed and power that could easily be fatal if you got into trouble with any willow strainers or snags.

Rough Height Guidelines
Some difficult sections with a fair amount of dragging required in many of the shallow rapids.
Mostly enjoyable paddle. Take care with the willow strainers.
(?) Minor flood. Likely manageable, but likely take particular care with any strainers.
(?) Major flood.

These guidelines are based only on a small handful of known trips and should be used only as a reference.

PercentileFlow (MLD)Height (m)Known Trips
Min2190.64
1 7530.90Sarah Davis, 2019
5 1,2191.04Xavier Anderson and Jason MacQueen, 2019
10 1,6961.15Mike Bremer, 2004; Rod Wellington, 2010
25 2,9261.37Alan Davison, 2020
50 4,5731.63Dave Cornthwaite, 2009
75 6,5221.90Kevin Moody, 1986; Mike Bremer, 1995; Rowen Privett and Josh Smith, 2005; Peter Wynen & friends, Sept 2006 (?)
90 9,157 2.29
95 11,5092.47Alan Davison, 2022
99 16,8242.96
Max41,7943.55

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