The Indi

Ngarigo^†

The Ngarigo nation mostly resided on the eastern side and tablelands of Mt Kosciuszko, from around Canberra down to Cowombat Flat, the Snowy Monaro. Cowombat Flat is roughly in the area that marks the historical boundary between them and the Yaitmathang that resided in the reaches of Limestone Creek and Indi River.

• Being one of the few nations in the alpine zone, they have sometimes been referred to as the "people of the snow".
• Burial sites in Rock Flat Creek have been dated to around 7,000 years ago.
• Many other Aboriginal groups would travel to the highlands for the summer Bogong moth season, an important food source.
• They play an active and important role in helping manage and preserve the cultural heritage of Kosciuszko National Park.
• Also known as Bemeringal ("mountain men") and Bradjerak ("bara" man, "djerak" savage or angry) from the coastal tribes, and Guramal ("hostile people") from the neighbouring Wiradjuri tribe. This is partly due to their occasional descent into surrounding territories for shelter during harsh winters.

Yaitmathang

The Yaitmathang (Jaitmathang^†) nation borders the western slopes of the tablelands, from Limestone Creek down the Murray, including the country around Tom Groggin, mostly on the Victorian side.

North of Tom Groggin to around Albury are the traditional lands of the Djilamatang^†. This language group is now often combined with the Yaitmathang.

• They had an annual migratory cycle, living on the lower plateaus during the snows and shifting into the highlands in summer.
• They would host Aboriginal groups from the surrounding areas for the Bogong moth gathering and feasting, found in high numbers aestivating (summer hibernation to escape the hot dry conditions) on many of the mountains in their lands such as Mt Begong.
• Hereditary enemies with some Gippsland tribes, tribal feuds earned the men of the Yaitmathang and Ngarigo people the label ‘brajerak’ (bra ‘man’ and jerak ‘rage’ or ‘anger’).
• While combined here, they were at enmity with the Jaitmathang, Walgalu, and Ngarigo, and there was at least intertribal warfare once in post-European times.

Dhudhuroa

The Dhudhuroa (Duduroa^†) nation is traditionally considered to sit on the Victorian side between the Mitta Mitta and Kiewa rivers. It includes Tallangatta, Jingellic, and Tintaldra and extends down to Albury. Sometimes, the Dhudhuroa people are grouped together with the Yaitmathang.